Dental crowns and bridges: restoring teeth efficiently

Dental crowns and bridges are dental restoration solutions that help preserve and improve the appearance and function of damaged or missing teeth. These dentures are widely used by dentists to provide patients with an attractive smile, while allowing them to eat and speak with confidence.

Dental crowns are shells that cover and protect a damaged or broken tooth, while bridges are prostheses that replace one or more missing teeth by resting on neighbouring teeth. The implementation of these dental restoration solutions requires in-depth knowledge of the materials and techniques used, as well as appropriate care to extend their lifespan and avoid possible complications.

The dental crown is a prosthesis that can be placed on a natural tooth or on a dental implant that has previously been placed.

Key points

• Dental crowns and bridges are solutions to restore and protect damaged or missing teeth
• Aesthetically pleasing: Designed to match the colour and shape of your natural teeth
• Functionality restored: Chew and speak without difficulty
• Tooth protection: Crowns protect damaged teeth from further deterioration
• Replacement of missing teeth: Bridges fill the spaces left by missing teeth
• Prevention of tooth movement: Bridges help maintain alignment of remaining teeth
• Improved self-confidence: Find your complete smile
• Easy maintenance: Care similar to natural teeth

Dental crown and dental bridge at Bucharest British Dental Place Clinic

Our clinic provides you with complete solutions for this type of procedure with many positive points

The great experience and competence of our dental surgeons

The technical platform at the clinic which allows us to manufacture crowns in different materials on site with the CEREC CAD/CAM technology

Very fast treatments, everything being carried out on site and digitally, very few appointments are necessary, thanks to Cerec technology, we can manufacture a single crown in less than an hour

Comfortable procedures: forget about plaster impressions, everything is digital with our 3D scanners

Very competitive prices, with a very high level of quality

Reimbursement and coverage by social security and mutual insurance companies, identical to France

A free estimate to provide you with a treatment plan and cost proposal if you have several dental works to be carried out

Definition of Dental Crowns and Bridges

Dental crowns and bridges are prosthetic solutions intended to restore the function and aesthetics of damaged or missing teeth. They play an essential role in maintaining good oral hygiene and preserving the structure of the jaws.

Dental crowns are fixed prostheses that completely cover a damaged or decaying tooth. They are generally offered when a tooth can be prepared to receive a denture and neighbouring teeth do not need dentures. Crowns can be made from different materials, such as ceramic, metal, or a combination of both. They are fixed to the tooth using dental cement, which ensures a strong and durable restoration.

Dental bridges are also fixed prostheses, but they are used to replace one or more missing teeth by relying on adjacent teeth. A bridge is made up of several dental crowns and is attached to adjacent teeth to support the artificial tooth(s) that fill the space left by the missing teeth. Just like crowns, bridges can be made from a variety of materials.

Both prosthetic solutions aim to improve the patient’s appearance, function and dental health. The choice between a crown and a bridge will depend on the specific needs of the patient and the assessment made by the dentist.

Types of Dental Crowns and Bridges

Provisional

Temporary crowns are used temporarily while waiting for the permanent crown to be placed. They protect the tooth and maintain its position. Commonly used materials for temporary crowns are acrylic and composite.

Final

There are several types of permanent crowns:

• Ceramic: Ceramic crowns are ideal for restoring front teeth because of their natural color and ability to blend with adjacent teeth. They are made from a ceramic-based material.

• Metallic: The metal crown is usually made of metal alloys, such as gold or cobalt chrome. They offer great strength and a long lifespan, but their metallic appearance may be less aesthetic than other types of crowns.

• Metal-ceramic: These crowns combine a metal core with a ceramic outer layer. They offer good aesthetics and optimal strength, making these crowns suitable for posterior and anterior teeth.

For dental bridges, there are several types, the most popular of which are:

• Conventional bridges: Conventional bridges are made up of one or more pontics (false teeth) held in place by dental crowns, called “abutments”. These crowns are cemented onto the teeth adjacent to the space left by the missing tooth, thus ensuring good stability of the bridge.

Materials Used

In this section, we will discuss the different materials used to make dental crowns and bridges. These include ceramic, porcelain, metal and resin.

At Bucharest British Dental Place clinic, we use ceramic, zircon and graphene crowns and bridges.

Ceramic

Ceramic is a material frequently used for dental crowns, especially those intended to restore front teeth. It has the advantage of blending with the natural colour of the teeth, thus offering a very aesthetic appearance. Ceramic crowns are made with a porcelain-based material, which provides good strength and durability. At Bucharest British Dental Place we use feldspathic porcelain, EMAX Ivoclar and Empress Ivoclar ceramics.

Biocompatibility of dental ceramics:

Chemical stability: Dental ceramics are largely chemically stable, meaning that they do not degrade or release harmful substances upon contact with the oral environment. This makes them a preferred choice for restorations because they do not harm surrounding tissues.

Bio Inertia: Most dental ceramics are bioinert, which means that they do not cause a reaction upon contact with biological tissues. This is crucial to prevent inflammatory responses, allergies or other adverse effects.

Low affinity with plaque: The surface properties of ceramics make them resistant to plaque adhesion. This can help maintain good oral hygiene and reduce the risk of secondary caries around ceramic restorations.

Allergies: Allergic reactions to ceramics are extremely rare, making them suitable for most patients.

Gingival Response: Ceramic restorations, when properly finished and polished, are associated with healthy gingival tissues. They do not cause discolouration or inflammation when properly fitted and polished.

Pulp Response: When ceramics are used as inlays, onlays or crowns, the underlying pulp generally remains unaffected, provided that proper care has been taken during the tooth preparation and cementation process.

There are, however, a few considerations:

Type of ceramic: Biocompatibility may vary slightly depending on the type of ceramic (such as zirconia, porcelain fused to metal, glass ceramic, etc.). For example, zirconia is known for its strong biocompatibility properties, particularly in implant dentistry.

Bonding agents: The biocompatibility of the bonding agents (cements) used to bond ceramics must also be considered. Some cements may release substances that may affect surrounding tissues.

Wear: Dental ceramics can cause wear on opposing natural teeth, especially if the ceramic is not well polished or is a harder ceramic material.

Processing Contaminants: During the manufacturing of dental ceramics, contaminants or residues from the production process may remain. It is crucial for dental laboratories to follow rigorous cleaning protocols to ensure the biocompatibility of the final product.

In summary, dental ceramics are generally highly biocompatible, but considerations such as the type of ceramic, the cement used, and the manufacturing process can influence this compatibility. Proper case selection, material selection, and clinical procedures are essential to optimise the biocompatibility of ceramic restorations.

Zircon: an innovation in cosmetic dentistry

Technological developments in the dental field have introduced cutting-edge materials offering a combination of aesthetics and robustness. Among these, zircon stands out as a popular solution for crowns and bridges. Brilliantly white and translucent, zircon restorations harmonise perfectly with the natural colour of the teeth, guaranteeing a homogeneous and luminous smile. But beyond the aesthetic aspect, zircon is also renowned for its exceptional strength, resistant to fracture, which makes it an ideal choice for restoring both anterior and posterior teeth. In addition, unlike some metal crowns, zircon does not have a dark border at the gum line, thus preserving the natural beauty of the smile. For example, zirconia is known for its strong biocompatibility properties, particularly in implant dentistry. Several aspects contribute to the biocompatibility of dental zirconia:

Low Cytotoxicity: Cytotoxicity studies of zirconia generally show that it has minimal, if any, cytotoxic effects on oral cells. This means that zirconia does not harm the living cells of the mouth when placed as a restoration.

Gingival Response: Zirconia restorations have been observed to have minimal adverse effects on the gingiva (gums). The tissue response around zirconia-based restorations is similar to that of natural teeth and even better than other restorative materials.

Low plaque adhesion: The smooth surface of polished zirconia is less conducive to bacterial adhesion than some other materials, which can potentially reduce the risk of periodontal disease and secondary caries around a zirconia restoration.

No Allergic Reactions: Unlike metals, zirconia does not corrode and is not known to cause allergic reactions, making it a suitable material for patients who may have metal sensitivities.

Wear on Opposing Teeth: Although zirconia is very hard and durable, with the right finishing and polishing it has been shown to be friendly to opposing natural teeth, producing minimal wear.

No electrical conductivity: Zirconia does not conduct electricity, which can be beneficial in preventing galvanic reactions in the mouth, a potential problem with some metal restorations.

Stability: Zirconia does not degrade or resorb in the oral environment, making it a stable material for long-term use.

Bio stability in the oral environment: Zirconia is chemically stable and does not interact or release ions into the mouth, making it a neutral material that does not alter the oral environment.

Thanks to these qualities, zircon crowns and bridges are now a preferred option for those looking to combine functionality and aesthetics when it comes to dental care.

Resin (Graphene)

We use graphene at Bucharest British Dental Place clinic. Resin is a versatile and economical material used for dental crowns and bridges. Thanks to graphene, dental crowns have greater strength, structural stability and flexibility, in addition to being lighter, making them much more ductile. This means they can resist deformation without breaking, while also having a significantly improved overall aesthetic. In addition, graphene is a thermal and electrical insulator, making it possible to absorb and support masticatory forces, thus avoiding bimetallism while remaining biocompatible.

Cost of a dental crown and bridge

The price will depend on the material used, a quote is preferable for a precise estimate depending on each case.

As an indication, here are the prices charged by Bucharest British Dental Place Clinic for a standard Zircon crown: €250

Please note that you can benefit from the same social security and mutual insurance rates as if you were in France.

Installation of a dental crown

Consultation

During the initial consultation, the dentist will assess the patient’s oral condition and discuss the various restorative options available. Crowns and bridges are often recommended for patients with damaged teeth, large gaps between teeth or after root canal treatment to protect the tooth. The dentist will take into account the patient’s needs, their aesthetic preferences and their budget.

Digital design, intra-oral simulations (DSD – Digital Smile Design)

Using intraoral photos and function details recorded with Modjaw 4D, we construct the proposed crown design with CAD-CAM technology. Once designed, we use a 3D printer to transfer it to the patient’s mouth for a true simulation of future teeth.

Preparation

Preparing for a crown or bridge usually requires several steps. However, by preparing the teeth using simulation, we can remain minimally invasive in order to achieve the desired result.

Then, a precise impression of the patient’s teeth is made for the manufacture of custom crowns. The most modern technique involved the advanced 3D camera for printing, we favour the Cerec Primescan as the most available scanner on the market.

First, the dentist cleans the area and prepares neighbouring teeth, if necessary, to serve as support for the bridge. Next, an impression is taken of the area to be restored; this impression is sent to a dental laboratory for the manufacture of the crown or bridge. During this time, the dentist may place a temporary restoration to protect the tooth and maintain aesthetics.

Placement

Once the crown or bridge is ready, the patient is asked to return to the dental office for placement. The dentist first checks the fit, occlusion and appearance of the restoration. If necessary, minor adjustments are made to ensure a perfect and comfortable fit. Once the dentist and patient are satisfied, the crown or bridge is cemented in place. The dentist then provides post-operative care instructions to ensure the longevity of the restoration.

Advantages and disadvantages

Dental crowns and bridges are commonly used solutions to restore damaged or missing teeth. It is important to understand the pros and cons of each option in order to choose the most appropriate solution for your situation.

Advantages of dental crowns:

• They provide excellent support for damaged and weakened teeth, helping to preserve tooth structure and function.

• Dental crowns have an aesthetic appearance and blend naturally into the mouth.

• They can be made from different materials, such as ceramic, metal or zirconia, depending on the needs and preferences of each patient.

Disadvantages of dental crowns:

• They often require reducing the size of the tooth to create sufficient space for the crown.

• The process of fitting and placing a crown can be invasive and require several dental appointments.

• Crowns can be expensive and are not always covered by dental insurance.

Advantages of dental bridges:

• They offer a solution to replace one or more adjacent missing teeth.

• Dental bridges can improve chewing function and the appearance of the smile.

• Some professionals consider bridges to be generally less invasive than dental implants and may be a more affordable option for some patients. However, if adjacent teeth are intact, a dental bridge is much more invasive than an implant intended to replace a single tooth. In dental statistics, historically, failing dental bridges were the leading cause of the need for removable dentures.

Disadvantages of dental bridges:

• Adjacent teeth must sometimes be reduced or devitalized to serve as abutment teeth to support the bridge.

• Dental bridges can put additional pressure on abutment teeth, which can cause long-term problems.

• Bridges are not as durable as dental implants and may require periodic adjustments or replacements.

Ultimately, the choice between a dental crown or bridge depends on individual needs and preferences. It is essential to speak with your dentist to evaluate your options and determine the best solution for restoring your teeth.

The duration of a Crown or Bridge type dental prosthesis

A dental crown is a prosthesis used to repair a damaged tooth, protect a weak tooth, hide tooth discoloration, or change the shape of a tooth. Dental bridges, on the other hand, are used to replace one or more missing teeth by being permanently fixed between existing teeth.

The lifespan of a dental crown or bridge varies depending on several factors, such as the material used, oral hygiene, and the patient’s health conditions. Under optimal conditions, a dental crown can last between ten and fifteen years. Problems can occur when the gums recede or when the teeth become loose, or when debris infiltrates under the prosthesis.

Dental bridges, on the other hand, also have a long lifespan. By taking care of your oral hygiene, they can last for years, even decades. Just like crowns, the lifespan of a bridge also depends on the material used. For example, zirconium crowns can last a lifetime.

It is important to emphasise that compliance with oral hygiene standards is crucial to ensure the longevity of dental crowns and bridges. This includes brushing your teeth regularly with fluoride toothpaste, flossing to clean the spaces between your teeth, and visiting the dentist regularly for routine checkups.

Finally, it is essential to consult a professional dentist for personalized recommendations on material selection and appropriate care for your dental crowns and bridges, as each situation is unique and requires a tailored approach.

Possible Complications

It is important to know the possible complications when having dental crowns and bridges installed in order to make an informed decision and avoid future problems. Here are some complications that can arise:

Discomfort and sensitivity: After having a crown or bridge placed, it is common to experience some discomfort and temporary sensitivity around the teeth and gums. This should lessen over time, but if the pain persists, it is advisable to see a dentist.

Fit Issues: An improperly fitted crown or bridge can cause discomfort and chewing problems. It is essential that the dental technician checks and adjusts the prosthesis correctly to avoid these problems.

Infection: Although rare, infection can occur after having a crown or bridge placed, particularly if the area is not properly cleaned and sterilised. Infections must be treated promptly to avoid complications.

Bridge failure: A bridge may not be durable if the abutment teeth are not strong enough to support the denture. This can cause the bridge to fail and require further dental surgery to repair or replace it.

Allergic reactions: Some people may be allergic to materials used to make crowns and bridges, such as metal or ceramic. It is important to discuss any known allergies with the dentist before choosing the appropriate material.

Ultimately, it is essential to communicate with your dentist to understand the different aspects related to dental crowns and bridges, as well as the possible risks and complications. The dentist can also provide advice to minimize these risks and ensure a successful outcome.

Caring for your crowns and bridges

To ensure the durability and functionality of your dental crowns and bridges, it is important to follow a few care recommendations. Good oral hygiene and regular visits to the dentist are essential to maintaining the health of your teeth and dentures.

Daily brushing: Brush your teeth thoroughly for at least 2 minutes, 3 times a day. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush to clean all surfaces of the teeth, including areas adjacent to crowns and bridges.

Flossing: Use dental floss or interdental brushes to remove food debris and plaque between teeth and under dental bridges. Incorporate flossing into your daily oral hygiene routine.

Interdental Jet: In addition to brushing and flossing, an interdental jet can be used to improve the removal of debris and plaque between teeth and around dentures.

Regular dental checkups: Visit your dentist regularly for checkups and professional dental cleanings. Check-up visits will allow your dentist to detect and treat any potential problems with your dental crowns and bridges.

Avoid hard or sticky foods: Protect your crowns and bridges by avoiding chewing hard or sticky foods that could damage or dislodge them. Try to cut food into small pieces before eating it.

By following these tips, you will help preserve the longevity and functionality of your dental crowns and bridges.

Frequently asked questions

What are the advantages and disadvantages of dental crowns?

Dental crowns offer several benefits, including restoration of tooth function and aesthetics, protection of damaged teeth, and durability due to the materials used. However, there are also disadvantages, such as the sometimes high cost, the need to trim the tooth before installation, and the risk of infection or sensitivity.

What is the average lifespan of a dental crown?

The average lifespan of a dental crown varies depending on the material used and the patient’s oral hygiene. Generally, a well-maintained crown can last between 10 and 15 years. However, some ceramic or zirconium crowns can last even longer.

How long does it take to place a dental crown?

Installing a dental crown generally requires two visits to the dentist. During the first visit, the tooth is prepared and an impression is taken to make the crown. The final crown is then placed during the second visit, usually a few weeks later.

What are the alternatives to dental bridges?

Alternatives to dental bridges include dental implants and removable partial dentures. Dental implants replace the root of the tooth and are fixed into the jawbone, providing stable support for a crown. Removable partial dentures are appliances that replace missing teeth and can be removed for cleaning.

What is a ceramic-ceramic bridge and its advantages?

A ceramic-ceramic bridge is a type of fixed dental prosthesis made entirely of ceramic. It offers several advantages over other materials, including a natural appearance, high resistance to wear and stains, and excellent biocompatibility. Additionally, ceramic-ceramic bridges are a metal-free option, which is suitable for patients wishing to avoid allergies or reactions to metals.

Conclusion

Dental crowns and bridges are very practical solutions for restoring aesthetics and dental function. Clinique Bucharest British Dental Place is the ideal place to carry out your various tasks, especially if you have several prostheses to complete. You’ll benefit from a highly experienced team, very attractive rates, and very short treatment times, thanks to the quality of our equipment.